Advertising class Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Advertising class - Assignment Example The university also has seven professional schools and four professional health science schools. There are various extracurricular activities to choose from and an amazing student life package that includes housing, hospitality, traditions, student government among others. Check out our offers on our open day on the 26th of November 2014. The motive of this campaign is to encourage Lasell College students to enjoy their life in college by experiencing life and love. My audience is Lasell college students, and I will be targeting single students who are interested in enjoying college life and finding a partner to share life’s moments with. I will start a campaign with two different ideas, meaning that two different ads will be developed for this campaign. Here are the following ads: The first ad will develop an announcement for the first meeting for the singles where they will interact as they participate in some fun- filled activities to help them loosen up. I will spread the ad around social media and local newspapers to reach as many audiences as I can. The promise for this session will be to help the singles meet other single people who are likeminded and fun to be with. The theme for this ad will be â€Å"Live and love† The radio advertisement will be as follows: Being in a college without a partner can be boring, and it sucks! Are you single and lonely? Looking for a partner? Well, look no further! Come to the Lasell College student’s hall on the 15th Nov 2014 for the singles night and get hooked up. Meet other likeminded individuals and change your college experience! There will be various fun activities that you can participate in that will get you connected to the right person. Come one come all!! For details call Molly on 09876789 for ad vance booking The second ad will be for a range of outdoor activities for

PLTW Intro to Engineering Final Study Guide Essay Example for Free

PLTW Intro to Engineering Final Study Guide Essay Arbitration- The hearing and determination of a dispute or the settling of differences between parties by a person or persons chosen or agreed to by them. Asymmetry- Symmetry in which both halves of a composition are not identical. Also referred to as informal balance. Cabinet Pictorial- Oblique pictorial where depth is represented as half scale compared to the height and width scale. Cartesian Coordinate System- A rectangular coordinate system created by three mutually perpendicular coordinate axes, commonly labeled X, Y, and Z. Cavalier Pictorial- Oblique pictorial where height, width, and depth are represented at full scale. Center Line- A line which defines the center of arcs, circles, or symmetrical parts. Centroid- A 3D point defining the geometric center of a solid. Circumscribe- 1. A triangle located round a polygon such as a circle. 2 To draw a figure around another, touching it at points but not cutting it. Construction Line- lightly drawn lines to guide drawing other lines and shapes. Depth- The measurement associated with an object’s front-to-back dimension or extent of something from side to side. Dimension- A measurable extent, such as the three principal dimensions of an object is width, height, and depth. Ellipse- A regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane which does not intersect the base. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Ergonomics- the study of workplace equipment design or how to arrange and design devices, machines, or workspace so that people and things interact safely and most efficiently. Extension Line- Line which represents where a dimension starts and stops. Fillet- A curve formed at the interior intersection between two or more surfaces Freehand Sketching which is done manually without the aid of instruments such as rulers. Gestalt- The principle that maintains that the human eye sees objects in their entirety before perceiving their individual parts. Grid- A network of lines that cross each other to form a series of squares or rectangles. Hidden Line- A line type that represents an edge that is not directly visible. International Organization for Standardization (IOS) Isometric Sketch- A form of pictorial sketch in which all three drawing axes form equal angles of 120 degrees with the plane of projection. Leader Line- Line which indicates dimensions of arcs, circles and detail Least Material Condition (LMC) Line Conventions- Standardization of lines used on technical drawings by line weight and style. Line Weight- Also called line width. The thickness of a line, characterized as thick or thin Long Break Line- A line which indicates that a very long objects with uniform detail is drawn foreshortened. Mediation- The act or process of using an intermediary to effect an agreement or reconciliation Meniscus- The curved upper surface of a liquid column that is concave when the containing walls are wetted by the liquid and convex when not. Norms- Principles of right action, binding upon the members of a group and serving to guide, control, or regulate proper and acceptable behavior. Object Line- A heavy solid line used on a drawing to represent the outline of an object. Oblique Sketch- A form of pictorial in which an object is represented as true width and height, but the depth can be any size and drawn at any angle. Orthographic Projection- A method of representing three-dimensional objects on a plane having only length and breadth. Also referred to as Right Angle Projection. Occupation Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)- assure the safety and health of Americas workers Perspective Sketch- A form of pictorial sketch in which vanishing points are used to provide the depth and distortion that is seen with the human eye Pictorial Sketch- A sketch that shows an object’s height, width, and depth in a single view. Plane- A flat surface on which a straight line joining any two points would wholly lie. Point- A location in space Principal Axes- The lines of intersection created from three mutually perpendicular planes, with the three planes’ point of intersection at the centroid of the part. Profile- An outline of an object when viewed from one side. Projection Line- An imaginary line that is used to locate or project the corners, edges, and features of a three-dimensional object onto an imaginary two-dimensional surface. Projection Plane- An imaginary surface between the object and the observer on which the view of the object is projected and drawn. Proportion- 1. The relationship of one thing to another in size, amount, etc. 2. Size or weight relationships among structures or among elements in a single structure. Scale- 1. A straight-edged strip of rigid material marked at regular intervals that is used to measure distances. 2. A proportion between two sets of dimensions used to develop accurate, larger or smaller prototypes, or models. Section Lines- Thin lines used in a section view to indicate where the cutting plane line has cut through material. Standard Deviation- The distance of a value in a population (or sample) from the mean value of the population (or sample). Technical Working Drawing- A drawing that is used to show the material, size, and shape of a product for manufacturing purposes. Tone- The general effect of color or of light and shade in a picture View- Colloquial term for views of an object projected onto two or more orthographic planes in a multi-view drawing.

Asimov On Chemistry By Isaac Asimov :: essays research papers

Asimov On Chemistry by Isaac Asimov   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Book Asimov on Chemistry by Isaac Asimov is a collection of seventeen essays that he wrote for The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction. This book is one of ten that were published by Doubleday & Company, Inc. Not all of the books centered on chemistry and like science. Most just covered anything Isaac Asimov wondered about. These Essays date back quite aways with a range from January 1959 to April 1966. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY The Weighting Game   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This i found to be the most boring in the whole book. It covers chemical atomic weight and physical atomic weight. It also gives chemical methods that determine the atomic weight. Slow burn   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is a description of how Isaac newton contributed to the field of chemistry along with what civilizations thought of chemistry. Then he talks about a pathologically shy, absentminded, stuffy, women-hating chemist. This man did make some discoveries about inflammable gas and proved water to be an oxide. The Element of Perfection   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Asimov talks about astronomers in the mid 1800's, and how they made the spectroscope. Only then does he start to mention a element a french chemist belived to be new or maybe just a heavier from of nitrogen. Inert gases and there liquefaction points are then listed along when they when fisrt liquefied by a chemist. Welcome, Stranger!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This talks about the rarest of stable enert gases, xenon. It also tells why that in 1962 so many expirements were done involving this gas. Fisrt it defines the word gas, and talks about different types in about four pages. Thens he talks about how it is combined with flourine to form a poison. Death in the Labratory   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Here Asimov talks about how scientists have died due to poor lab conditions and other matters. He also tells you a few way to poison youself in a lab such as mixing xenon and flourine. He then goes off and explains how flourine was used and discovered along with who died in this process. A few other poisonous chemical compounds are also mentioned. To Tell a Chemist   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is Isaac Asimov's way of telling if someone is chemist or not. The two questions are: (1) How do you pronounce UNIONIZED? and (2) what is a mole? He feels that if you can say un-EYE-on-ized and talk for hours about molecular weight to define mole, then you must be a chemist. NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY The Evens Have It   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Concluded here is how isotopes are impractical and how to identify them. He then descibes how an isotope is constructed. also he says an element with an

Alternative Automobiles: The Electric Cars

As time approaches the 21st century, the automobile has become our major source of mass transportation. Everything about our culture and society has developed around this necessary form of travel. However, along with this necessity comes the issue of pollution to the environment. These great gasoline powered vehicles have contributed greatly to the impurity of our environment. The two prominent alternative fueled vehicles yet brought up are the Electric car (EV) and the Hybrid electric car (HEV). The ultimate clean, efficient car is the EV, a vehicle powered by an electrical motor, which is powered by batteries and controlled by an on-board computer. But there are questions about the mid-term viability of EV vehicles. This is due to unresolved technical issues of on-board energy storage capacity, high vehicle cost, and infrastructure limitations (e. g. , lack of public charging stations, repair/replacement facilities, and battery recycling centers). HEV vehicles are almost as clean as the EV†s and have vehicle performance comparable to that of today†s standard internal combustion engine vehicles. More important, such performance appears to be available in the mid-term future (e. g. , 2002), and therefore represents a practical, technically achievable alternative approach. Some suggest we develop both the EV†s and HEV†s in parallel, because many of the technical advancements can be shared and because either or both will be needed to achieve efficiency and clean air goals. Unlike EV or the HEV vehicles, motor vehicles generate more air pollution than any other human made machine. This air pollution, or toxic mixture of chemicals released by motor vehicles, is recognized as a major health hazard. According to the American Lung Association, this air pollution kills between 60,000 and 120,000 people in the United States each year and costs $93 billion dollars in medical bills. Some of these air-polluting greenhouse gases that are emitted or attributed to gasoline powered vehicles are chlorofluorocarbon (CFC†s), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and the precursors to tropospheric ozone – hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These gasoline-powered vehicles are also a major source of carbon monoxide (CO). CFC†s are the most potent greenhouse gases on a per-unit mass basis. They now contribute nearly 24 percent of the total global warming effect. While incremental improvements can be made in standard vehicles, regulators and auto makers have defined at least two new vehicle classes that may provide a step-wise improvement in emissions. These are the Electric Vehicle and the Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Unlike an EV, an HEV utilizes the intermittent operation of a small engine to assist a typically battery-powered electric propulsion system. The electric motor propels the front wheels at low speeds. At higher speeds the internal combustion engine takes over. When the engine drives the vehicle, it automatically charges the batteries used for the electric motor, therefore making the battery pack a lot smaller. EV and HEV vehicles are a lot more beneficial to the environment than internal combustion engines. The EV vehicles have a zero tailpipe emission. Another major problem of motor vehicles is its unsafe nature after its life dies out. Automobile junkyards, which litter the American landscape, contain thousands upon thousands of old broken up cars. From such junkyards are the problem of oil, lead, and battery acids, which enter the ground. However the lead in the batteries of electric vehicles is in a very stable form, unlike the trace amounts of lead in even unleaded gasoline and since electric vehicles do not contain oil or chlorofluorocarbons, they do not risk contaminating the area. Noise is also an advantage of getting an electric vehicle. Because motor vehicles have combustion motors, they tend to be loud and obnoxious. On the other hand, EV vehicles do not have a combustion engine; thus, they are noticeably quieter. Because the electric vehicle motors are also more efficient compared to motor vehicles, they are expected to last over a million miles compared to the motor vehicles† one hundred thousand miles. Initially, HEV vehicles are not expected to compete directly with standard vehicles on performance alone (e. g. , acceleration and range), but they are expected to offer benefits that a standard vehicle does not offer. Compared to today's standard vehicles, HEV vehicle will reduce local/regional pollution, by means of: increased vehicle mileage, (two times per gallon of fuel) , lower emissions per vehicle mile traveled. Propulsion systems that can be cycled off during stop-and-go driving, producing no emissions, fuels or fuel systems with reduced fuel evaporation and refueling losses. As with any new technology, there are obstructions to its ready acceptance by consumers. Initially there may be resistance to the vehicles' higher price and slightly reduced performance. Rugged and durable systems will be needed to provide credibility to a claim of long life with low emissions.

P&G Japan Essay

Slow, conformist and risk averse – stretch, innovation and speed Leadership Innovation Team implemented a global rollout of Dryel and Swiffer Impact – 18 months after entering the first test market they were on sales in US, Europe, Latin America and Asia Processes Performance-based component of compensation increased from traditional range of 20% to 80%. Extended the reach of stock options to virtually all employees Integrated business planning process where all budget elements of the operating plan could be reviewed and approved together Structure Primary profit responsibility shifted from P&Gs four regional organisation to seven GBUs that would now manage product development, manufacturing and marketing of their respective categories worldwide Charged with standardising manufacturing processes, simplifying brand portfolios and coordinating marketing activities Eliminate bureaucracy and increase accountability Committee responsibilities were transferred to individuals Activities such as accounting, human resources, payroll and much of IT were coordinated through a global business service unit Progression form Ethnocentric/Polycentric- Regiocentric – Geocentric SK-II – within P&G this high-end product had little visibility outside Japan Because Japanese women had by far the highest use of beauty care products in the world, it was natural that the global beauty care category management started to regard Max Factor Japan as a potential source of innovation Working with R&D labs in Cincinatti and the UK, several Japanese technologists participated on a global team that developed a new product involving a durable color base and renewable moisturising second coat – Lipfinity Japanese innovations were than transferred worldwide, as Lipfinity rolled out in Europe and the US within six months of the Japanese launch Implementation of O2005 in July 1999 – half the top 30 managers and a third of the top 3000 were new to their jobs – capabilities do not reside in management Global product development process Technology team assembled at an R&D facility in Cincinnati, drawing the most qualified technologists from its P&G labs worldwide US-based marketing team and Japanese team had the same task – Japanese team came up with SK-II In the end, each market ended up with a distinct product built on a common technology platform. Marketing expertise was also shared, allowing the organisation to exploit local learning Decisions Japanese Opportunity Tapping into P&Gs extensive technological resources – extend the SK-II line beyond its traditional product offerings Although would take a considerable amount of time and effort, it would exploit internal capabilities and external brand image Product innovation and superior in-store service – competitive advantage in Japan China Operating since 1988 only Entrepreneurial beauty care manager in China Some were worried that SK-II would be a distraction to P&Gs strategy of becoming a mainstream Chinese company and to its competitive goal of entering 600 Chinese cities ahead of competitors Targeting an elite consumer group with a niche product was not in keeping with the objective of reaching the 1. 2 billion population with laundry, hair care, oral care, diapers and other basics Europe De Cesare – new the European market well Without any real brand awareness or heritage, would SK-II’s mystique transfer to a Western market Organisational constraint De Cesare recognised that his decision needed to comply with the organisational reality in which it would be implemented Jager – openly questioned how well some of the products in the beauty care business fit in the P&G portfolio – the fashion-linked and promotion-driven sales models neither played well to P&G’s â€Å"stack it high, sell it cheap† marketing skills nor exploited its superior technologies From a local to a global focus

The Greedy Lumpy Old Man Essays

The Greedy Lumpy Old Man Essays The Greedy Lumpy Old Man Essay The Greedy Lumpy Old Man Essay Summary of A Lumpy Old Man Having a kind and gentle heart as well as a wonderful voice, went to the mountain to gather wood with his back rack. Soon it became dark, so he found an old house nearby and entered the house. While he sang a song in the empty house, he met goblins. The Lumpy Old Man said to the goblins that the singing came from his lump. Then, he changed his lump for lots of valuable treasures and went back home. A greedy old man hearing this news went to the mountain and sang a Eng. Then, he met goblins. However, the goblins werent deceived again and punished him. Learning Focus Do not greedy Story A long time ago, there lived a Lumpy Old Man. On his cheek, there hung a large lump like a big gourd bottle. Old Man, one step, his lump dangling, dangling. Old Man, two step, his lump dangling, dangling! The townspeople would make fun of him, but he would Just smile with a grin, Ha ha One day he went to the mountain to gather wood with his back rack. All, All, All, All, W I can Dud my mother role. All, All, All, All with this wood I can buy my mother clothes. , with this wood I can buy my mother shoes. All, All, All, All, Oh, this is good. The Old Man not only had a kind and gentle heart but a wonderful voice. The Old Man came down from the mountain with a full load of wood on his back rack. Soon it became dark. Swoosh, swoosh, swoosh l cant, I cant go any further. What if I meet a tiger in the middle of the night going down the mountain? Luckily, at that time , he found an old house nearby. Alright, it looks empty, so guess I can spend the night here. The Lumpy Old Man entered the house. The door was nearly falling down, dangling, dangling. On the wall there were holes the size of a fist, pop, pop! Shivering winds were blowing outside, whoosh, whoosh! Oh, its scary in here! I think I will sing a song. Moon, moon, bright moon! Daytime, daytime, where are you? Nighttime, nighttime you have returned. Moon, moon, bright moon, where is your home? Bang! Suddenly the door swung open. The Lumpy Old Man stopped singing and raised his head. Have or SIX godsons stood tenure listening to Nils song. The goblins looked evil with horns on their heads. Oh my goodness, I have entered a goblins lair all by myself. However, watching closely, he saw the goblins were fascinated by his singing. They closed their eyes softly and swayed their hands and feet back and forth to the song. He was relieved and continued his song. After he finished his song, the goblins came over to him and asked, Old Man, your song is pleasing. Where does your singing voice come from? From my mouse. Dont l ie If this was true, anybody with a mouth should be able to sing Just like you. Actually, its from my throat. No, No! We have throats too. Just tell us the truth. Just tell us the truth. Ah, well, the singing comes from this singing pouch. The Old Man replied, shooing off his lump and rubbing it slowly. Thats right, thats it! The goblins surrounded the Old Man and looked closer at his lump. They darted here and there, this way and that, looking around. Wondering about the lump. Singing pouch Old Man, why dont you sell us this singing pouch. No way, how can I sell something stuck to my body? He he he, we will take care of that. In an Instant, ten godsons cleanly solace TOT Nils lump. The goblins then gave the Old Man lots of valuable treasures and went on their way. In the bright afternoon, when the Old Man returned to town, he carried the treasures on his back rack. Everyone looked in surprised with their eyes wide open. Old Man, how did you get rid of your lump? Wow, where did all that treasure come from? The Old Man simply grinned and said, The lumpy pouch was a treasure pouch, a treasure pouch! The Old Man became a very rich man from that day on. Rumor had it that the Old Man got rid of his lump and got the treasure from the goblins. The rumor spread from house to house, town to town. Then the rumor came to another lumpy old man living in a nearby town. However, this other lumpy old man was too greedy. Him, I will get rid of my lump and get treasure. Of course, I will get more treasure than that other Old Man. The Greedy Lumpy Old Man immediately went to the mountain. Huh, whats the use of gathering wood? Its only good to have treasure. He then found the goblins lair and entered it. The Greedy Lumpy Old Man sang a song at the top of his voice. Dear goblins, dear goblins.

Biography of Erwin Rommel

Biography of Erwin Rommel Free Online Research Papers Erwin Rommel also known as the German â€Å"Desert Fox,† maybe known for the best German general ever. He was known mostly for his brilliant tactics and his ability to anticipate opponents. Even our own American General Winston Churchill said his enemy was very skilled and good. Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel was born in Heidenheim, Wurttemberg, on Nov. 15, 1891. In 1910 as a young boy he wanted to start a career in engineering, but his father disapproved and sent him to join the German army. He enlisted with his local infantry regiment, the 124th Infantry Regiment as an officer cadet. After just three months Rommel was promoted to the rank of Corporal, and then again just three months later became Sergeant. Rommel was climbing up the line of ranks very fast. Then in 1911 he went to the officers’ military school in Danzig. While Rommel was here he met and feel in love with Lucie Maria Mollin. They got married in 1916 and further had a baby in 1928, named Manfred. During World War One Rommel saw action at a very young age and did very well. He was a junior officer at France, Italy, and Romania and from this he earned the Iron Cross for his bravery and well fought battles. In May of 1917, Erwin Rommel was transferred to the Western Front, in the area of Hilsen Ridge. Then in August he moved to the Carpathian Front, where he took part in the assaults on Mount Cosna and Caporetto. For his outstanding action at Caporetto Rommel was awarded the Pour le Merite and was promoted to the rank of Captain. Rommel was just one of the few junior officers who had received this reward for it was usually reserved for Generals. For this Rommel was very proud and honored. After this Rommel was sent away to a junior staff appointment, where he remained until the end of the war. The next few years Rommel went to various sites to lead troops during the war. While he wasn’t fighting at this time he wrote books and instructions of special infantry attacks. He even became an instructor and gave lectures on how to fight. Rommel was always involved with the war, even when he wasn’t fighting. In 1933 things only started to get better for Rommel. He became well known and started to climb up the ranks even further. He was promoted to Major and was sent to Goslar. In October of 1935, Rommel was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel and received the position of the teacher in War Academy in Potsdam. In September of 1939, Erwin Rommel was promoted to the rank of Major General. From here he had the job of being Adolf Hitlers Bodyguard for the duration of the Polish Campaign. At the Polish Campaign Hitler allowed Rommel to pick the site where he would like to command. Rommel asked for a Panzer Division, because he realized there he could use the tactics of Blitzkrieg there. Even without any experience of Panzer warfare Hitler granted him his wish. On February 15, 1940 Rommel received the command of 7th Panzer Division. Rommel adjusted to Panzer warfare and became prepared for war. On May 10th of 1940, Germany invaded the Western Europe. On May 12th, the 7th Panzer Division reached Dinant and on May 13th, after heavy fighting crossed the River Meuse. By May 20th Rommel and his troops had made it to Arleux. From there Rommels plans were to by-pass Arras and then turn northwards to the direction of Lille. On May 21st, Rommel reached Arras, where his forward units where counter-attacked by 70 British tanks. Here is where tank killers were first used against ground targets. These â€Å"tank killers† were very effective in warfare. The 7th division was such a success in the Battle of France, because they moved very fast and covered large amounts of area. But, during this battle Rommel also did things his staff criticized him for. Rommel fought with his troops on the frontline most of the time. When fighting Rommel didn’t want to be disturbed, so he turned off his radio and lost all communication with other German Divisions. So, from Rommel turning off his radio at times no one knew where the 7th division was. This is where they received the title of the â€Å"Ghost/Phantom Division†. In January of 1941, Rommel was once again promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General. Right after this in early February he was ordered to Berlin. There he was given his next assignment, to command Deutsches Afrika Korps (German Africa Corps). Here they were to assist the Italians, because of there struggle against the British. The first fight was on February 24th where Rommel used the tactics of Blitzkrieg; this took the British by great surprise and resulted in a huge success for the Germans. Rommel and his troops continued to move eastward to capture such cities as Bardia and Salum. The 7th Panzer Division forced British and its allies to retreat to the safety of static defenses around Tobruk. It took Rommel more then once to breach the defense, but finally succeed and captured Tobruk. This is where Rommel gets his nickname â€Å"Desert Fox†, because he was constantly using tricks in order to outsmart his enemies. At the same time he received this nickname he also got the name of the youngest German Field Marshall ever, only at the age of 50. One great method of fighting the Desert Fox created was â€Å"The 88 Ambush†. Normally the 88mm stood very tall and had a high profile, but Rommel had the Germans put the 88mm so deep into the ground only 30 to 60cm showed and then put a tent over the gun for even more protection. This made it very hard for the British to see the gun. Rommel would send out dummy tanks for bait for the British. The British would see the easy target and follow the tanks. But, it was a perfect trap, the German tanks would lead the British right into the 88mm’s. The Germans would have a point blank shot at the British. The 88 Ambush fighting tactic was one of Rommel’s most famous. Rommel led the Afrika Korps for about another year. There wasn’t much success though. He launched many invasions and battles but many were losses and retreats. Rommel requested more troops and materials at many points but usually didn’t get them, because of the location. It was too far and hard to get to. Finally, Rommel became ill and left for Germany to receive medical treatment. When Rommel felt better he went back to Africa to rejoin his 7th division. But, things had not got much better. He once again tried and tired to fight off the Allied Forces but, couldn’t do much due to the lack of troops and materials. The Germans were moving no where in Africa and were losing men. Rommel then again went back to Germany to try to persuade Hitler to leave North Africa, because it was getting hopeless. Finally, on May 13th of 1943 the Axis forces surrendered all there 200,000 men in North Africa. In December 1943 Rommel was appointed to start preparing for the Western Europe Invasion. Here Rommel designed yet another fighting tactic called â€Å"Rommel-Spargel†. When the invasion began in July 1944 Rommel began to think the war was hopeless and never going to end. But, before he could help overthrow Hitler, he was injured in a strafing air attack on July 17th of 1944. On August 8th, Rommel was moved from the French Hospital to Herrlingen, where he was under house arrest. Rommel was given the choice of suicide, or to be reported as death from his wounds, as an alternative to execution as a traitor. Then finally on October 14, 1944, Rommel was taken to the hospital at Ulm, where he died by his own hand taking the poison. On October 8th, 1944 Erwin Rommel was buried with military honors. Hitler even made this day a national day of mourning. Erwin Rommel died a great and honored General. He was and will be remembered for his great war tactics and a well liked general. All enemies respected Rommel not only because he was smart, but not a bad person either. He was never involved in any war crimes and made sure all his prisoners of war had water to drink. Rommel played a huge role in the World Wars, and that is why he climbed the line of ranks so successfully. The Desert Fox will always be remembered. Research Papers on Biography of Erwin RommelAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Assess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresQuebec and CanadaResearch Process Part OneWhere Wild and West MeetMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyHip-Hop is Art

Learn More About the Science of Geology

Learn More About the Science of Geology What is geology? It is the study of the Earth, its substances, shapes, processes, and history. There are several different components that geologists study with regard to this fascinating field. Minerals Minerals are natural, inorganic solids with a consistent composition. Each mineral also has a unique arrangement of atoms, expressed in its crystal form (or habit) and its hardness, fracture, color, and other properties. Organic natural substances, like petroleum or amber, are not called minerals. Minerals of exceptional beauty and durability are called gemstones (as are a few rocks). Other minerals are sources of metals,  chemicals  and fertilizers. Petroleum is a source of energy and chemical feedstocks. All of these are described as mineral resources. Rocks Rocks are solid mixtures of at least one mineral. While minerals have crystals and chemical formulas, rocks instead have textures and mineral compositions. On that basis, rocks are divided into three classes reflecting three environments: igneous rocks come from a hot melt, sedimentary rocks from accumulation and burial of sediment, metamorphic rocks from altering other rocks by heat and pressure. This classification points to an active Earth that circulates matter through the three rock classes, on the surface and underground, in what is called the rock cycle. Rocks are important as ores- economic sources of useful minerals. Coal is a rock that is a source of energy. Other rock types are useful as building stone, crushed stone and raw material for concrete. Still others serve for toolmaking, from the stone knives of our prehuman ancestors to the chalk used by artists today. All of these, too, are considered mineral resources. Fossils Fossils are signs of living things that are found in many sedimentary rocks. They may be impressions of an organism, casts in which minerals have replaced its body parts, or even remnants of its actual substance Fossils also include tracks, burrows, nests, and other indirect signs. Fossils and their sedimentary environments are vivid clues about the former Earth and what living there was like. Geologists have compiled a fossil record of ancient life stretching hundreds of millions of years into the past. Fossils have practical value because they change throughout the rock column. The exact mix of fossils serves to identify and correlate rock units in widely separated places, even in the grit pumped up from  drill holes. The geologic time scale is based almost entirely on fossils supplemented with other dating methods. With  it,  we can confidently compare sedimentary rocks from everywhere in the world. Fossils are also resources, valuable as museum attractions and as collectibles, and their commerce is increasingly regulated. Landforms, Structures and Maps Landforms in all their variety are products of the rock cycle, built of rocks and sediment. They were shaped by erosion and other processes. Landforms give testimony of the environments that built and altered them in the geologic past, such as ice ages. From mountains and water bodies to caves to the sculpted features of the beach and seafloor, landforms are clues into the Earth beneath them. Structure is an important part of studying rock outcrops. Most parts of the Earths crust are warped, bent and buckled to some extent. The geologic signs of this jointing, folding, faulting, rock textures, and unconformities help in assessing structure, as do measurements of the slopes and orientation of rock beds. Structure in the subsurface is important for water supply. Geologic maps are an efficient database of geologic information on rocks, landforms and structure.   Geologic Processes and Hazards Geologic processes drive the rock cycle to create landforms, structures and fossils. They include erosion, deposition, fossilization, faulting, uplift, metamorphism, and volcanism. Geologic hazards are powerful expressions of geologic processes. Landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, climate change, flooding and cosmic impacts are extreme examples of ordinary things. Understanding the underlying geologic processes is a key part of mitigating geologic hazards.   Tectonics and Earth History Tectonics is geologic activity on the largest scale. As geologists mapped the worlds rocks, untangled the fossil record and studied geologic features and processes, they began to raise and answer questions about tectonics the life cycle of mountain ranges and volcanic chains, motions of continents, the rise and fall of the ocean, and how the mantle and core operate. Plate-tectonic theory, which explains tectonics as the motions in Earths outer broken skin, has revolutionized geology, enabling us to study everything on Earth in a unified framework. Earth history is the story that minerals, rocks, fossils, landforms, and tectonics tell. Fossil studies, in combination with gene-based techniques, yield a consistent evolutionary history of life on Earth. The Phanerozoic Eon (age of fossils) of the last 550 million years is well mapped as a time of expanding life punctuated by mass extinctions. The previous four billion years, the Precambrian time, is being revealed as an age of enormous changes in the atmosphere, oceans and continents. Geology Is Civilization Geology is interesting as a pure science, but Professor Jim Hawkins at Scripps Institution of Oceanography tells his classes something even better: Rocks are money! What he means is that civilization rests on rocks: Society relies on a good supply of Earth products.For every structure we build, we need to know about the ground it sits on.Our food and fiber come from soil, a thin biogeochemical layer of incredible complexity.Protection against geologic hazards depends on our understanding of them.

Miracles Stories Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Miracles Stories - Coursework Example In the case of the Bible it indicates the presence God. The early church told the miracle stories to one another to remind themselves of the signs that Jesus had shown them while he was still with them. This would in turn give them hope of better days to come. The early church was also being persecuted at the time, so telling the miracle stories reminded them that through the miracles they could defeat their enemies and spread the word as Christ had promised. There are four main different types of miracles that are shown in the gospels are; the signs of the kingdom, healing miracles, exorcisms and nature miracles. The sign of the kingdom is depicted in the life of Jesus Christ, who is the son of god born to humanity and lived like any other human. By coming to the humanity, Christ shows the presence of the kingdom of God. His resurrection and ascension also depicts the presence of the kingdom. Healing miracles are shown when Jesus heals the sick and raises the death for instance the story of Lazarus and many others who were healed. Exorcisms are miracles shown when Jesus drives away evil spirits that possess people, for instance, the evil spirit that was expelled into swines. Nature miracles are shown in the book of Matthew when Jesus rebuked a storm and it stopped just from the words spoken by Jesus. In the book of Luke chapter 8 from verse 41, there are the miracles of raising Jairus daughter and the healing of the woman with hemorrhage. As Jesus was coming Jairus came to him with information that his child was sick and asked him to accompany him to his house to heal the girl. As they were going the crowds were pressing on him and the woman with hemorrhage came and touched his cloth, and he felt power go away. On arrival to Jairus house they were informed that the girl had died, but Jesus said that he was asleep and went in and raised

Asia In The World Economy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Asia In The World Economy - Research Paper Example During the late 2008, Yen began to appreciate sharply against dollar and was valued at 86.15 yen in 2009. At the end of 2010, the yen was rated at 88.66 yen. (Source: World Data Bank) The real effective exchange rate as seen from the graph has remained volatile between 1980s and 1990s. During the era of 2000 and forward, the value of yen has declined. It has been going down from the price of 120 dropping to 80. After the financial crisis of 2007-2008, the yen is seen to gain value and is rising till date. Japan’s real exchange rate has appreciated over the years due to the rapid increase in the high-productive manufacturing sector. Trends in Japanese Exports – in terms of value and composition (Source: World Data Bank) The exports in terms of value are an important element in the present Japanese economic adjustment. The structure of exports as well as imports has changed considerably over the years. The above graph shows the trends in exports value since 1980 till date . There has been a constant growth in exports since 1980s till 2000 with minor fluctuations in between. These exports can be attributed to the increase in IT-related goods, consumer goods and US been the largest trading partner. (Source: Statistical Handbook of Japan, 2010) According to the composition of exports, the leading export commodity was transport equipment which is 22% of the total exported value. It is followed by electrical machinery constituting 20% and general machinery 17.8% of total value exported. Another interesting characteristic of Japanese export is the increased proportion of high-value added products such as integrated circuits and steel which are increasing in total Japanese exports. Relationship between exchange rate (nominal and real) and exports The changes in trade surplus, given by the difference in value of exports and imports, are influenced by price changes. Appreciating yen will lower the price of imports relative to exports causing the trade balance to be higher. Given this condition, during 1990s the yen appreciated 20% causing more imports and fewer exports. This affected the competitive price position of Japanese exports in foreign markets. The Japanese trade and exchange rate are very closely related. The real exchange rate of yen is highly positively correlated to Japanese trade and specifically exports price relative to import prices. For instance, between 1990 and 1995, the yen appreciated by 40% against dollars. If the prices of yen and dollar would have remained the same, Japanese products would have been 40% more expensive in comparison to US goods. The government intervention to cut down yen export prices and shifting to manufacturing high-value goods helped the growth of Japanese exports during the 1990s. The export volume grew annually at a rate of 5% through 1990 and 1995. The Japanese exports took a downfall in late 1990s owing to the drop in sales in the European market which is large enough to drop the Japanes e exports by 10%. In 2003, when the nominal yen/dollar exchange rate was at 120, the exports rose rapidly which again declined in 2007-2008 because of the financial crisis which cause the appreciation of yen below 90 to dollar. This caused the Japanese exports to fall drastically. Impact of the Plaza Accord In 1985, the G-5 nations including Japan forced United States to devalue dollar because of the current account deficit. The G-5 nations were

Blindness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Blindness - Essay Example Some of the causes include infections, injuries, lack of glasses, trauma, etc. Blind students are also taught using various technologies, including Braille and assistive computer technology. These technologies enable students to read and listen to lecture notes, presentations, course materials and other reading materials. Causes of blindness depend on the socioeconomic conditions to which a person is exposed. They include causes that affect the eye directly and those that affect visual processing centres like the brain. In developed economies, the primary causes of blindness include macular degeneration, traumatic injuries and ocular diabetes complications. In developing and underdeveloped nations blindness is caused primarily by infections, glaucoma, lack of glasses, injury, and cataracts. Some of the infections that lead to blindness in underdeveloped countries include onchocerciasis (river blindness), leprosy and trachoma. The herpes simplex is the most common cause of blindness in developed countries. There are also other causes of blindness such as retinopathy, deficiency of vitamin A, diseases affective the retina or optic nerve e.g. stroke, inflammation, eye malignancies, abnormalities of the congenital, hereditary eye diseases, and chemical poisoning. According to Bourne et al (2013), catarac ts and macular degeneration are the leading causes of blindness. Cataracts affect people from developing and underdeveloped world while macular degeneration mainly affects people from developed countries. Blindness can also be caused by amblyopia, or the lazy eye. This refers to the condition in which a child is born with poorer vision in one eye than the other (NIH Medline Plus, 2015). Untreated amblyopia leads to vision loss and blindness. As the child grows, the brain ignores images from the affected eye, leading to loss of vision in that eye as the child enters teenage stage of life. The condition starts when one of the child’s eyes develops a

Forensics with UNIX. Prepaid Cell Phones Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Forensics with UNIX. Prepaid Cell Phones - Essay Example One of the most common differences between the UNIX system and Microsoft Windows is the security characteristics in the system design. In most cases, organizations can be drawn into computer investigations even without their will. However, most digital investigations that involve the computer are not successful because of the mistakes that are made in an early stage. One of the most common predicaments is the destruction, compromising and ignoring of digital evidence. This can create a serious crisis within the victim organization (Perrin 2010). Therefore, this crisis is supposed to be managed appropriately in order to ensure a successful digital investigation. The executive individuals in a corporation are supposed to have the capability of devising a corporate plan in the organization. This corporate plan should cover various risks including management structures, resourcing, core procedures, risk analysis and management aims. According to this information, UNIX is a user-friendly system in digital investigation as compared to Microsoft Windows (Sommer 2012). The main difference in the design and the security level of Microsoft Windows and UNIX illustrates one of the crucial and distinct. As stated above, this difference is based on the philosophy of the security level in the design of the operating systems. ... Lastly, the evidence must also satisfy the conditions that are set up by the legal tests of acceptability performed on the systems. UNIX has become one of the well known system targets that have attracted digital investigation. References Perrin, C 2010, UNIX vs. Microsoft Windows: How system designs reflect security philosophy, viewed 4 Oct 2012, http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/security/unix-vs-microsoft-windows-how-system-designs-reflect-security-philosophy/4627 Sommer, P 2012, Digital evidence, digital investigations and E-disclosure: A guide to forensic readiness for organizations, security advisers and lawyers, viewed 4 Oct 2012, http://www.iaac.org.uk/_media/DigitalInvestigations2012.pdf Week 5 DQ2: prepaid cell phones Recent research proves that the cellular phones have become exceedingly valuable for the human beings. This device can be used by all age groups to assist them with their life styles. The mobile phones have also topped the chart in social interaction. A prepaid cell phone is defined as a mobile phone which uses credit that has already been purchased in advance for the use of the mobile services (Virgin Mobile 2012). In this case, the purchased credit caters for all the mobile phone services that are accessed by the handler of the phone. The users usually top up their credit through several techniques depending of the payment mechanisms. In the contemporary world, the prepaid cell phones are slowly evolving to a social event. This is because the device can be used for several purposes (Barit 2012). It is quite clear that the prepaid phones have a lower cost since; it is easier to control spending. However, the prepaid customers sometimes pay more for the mobile services depending on what they do with their phones.

Action Research - Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Action Research - - Assignment Example I have gained confidence while in class. I find duty delegation to be one of my strongholds in managing students. I have constantly built on this vice without considering the credibility of my objectives. However, some of my classes have been affected by late arrival of students, murmuring among students and absenteeism. In my career as a teacher, I am perplexed by fact that teachers are expected to effectively manage classroom arrangement which is independent of good student behavior but due to poor planning. Classroom arrangement requires that the teacher observe all the students at ago and monitor their behavior and work. It also demands that teacher must see the door while in his or her desk. Furthermore, teachers should make sure that frequently used areas are easily accessible and unobstructed. In addition, common classroom materials such as student reference materials and attendance pads should be availed. As if to make it worse, the students should be able to see the teacher without movement and undue turning. Furthermore, setting the expectation of students and periodically talking to them is very difficult. In addition, monitoring the degree by which students comply with school rules and regulations is one of the irritating outcomes as a teacher. The use of teacher led instructions and explaining school wide regulations is a source of irritation. What can I do about it? Again and again I get angry about the fact that students are held accountable for their performance and work. In addition, I get angry by the fact that focus of students is centered on academic purpose while learning is considered as the core purpose of students’ effort. As a teacher, if there is disruptive behavior like fighting, possession of drugs continuous lesson interruption stealing in my class and later actions taken in accordance to the school rules and

AS Unit F911- Communication in care settings Coursework

AS Unit F911- Communication in care settings - Coursework Example The receiver must then respond to the message given to them. As an example, when the practitioner wants to convey information about a particular health situation, they may first tell the patient the condition that they have found through testing and other means. They may next send the family to a website that gives more information about the disease or condition, and they would probably provide written handouts about the disease or condition. These are all effective ways of communicating to the patient. Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal communication, also known as body language, is a type of communication that people convey to one another on an unconscious level. This level of communication goes back and forth between two people who are talking to each other all the time. As an example, an individual may be sending a verbal message to another person. Person one is conveying the information and person two is listening. If person two does not like what person one is saying, or they ar e feeling uncomfortable with what is being said, they may cross their arms. This is a signal to the other person that something is going wrong with how person two is receiving the message. If person one recognizes the body language, they can ask the individual if they are feeling uncomfortable and they can talk more about the issue so that person two finds a better comfort level. Nonverbal communication is a system of cues from one person to another and there are fiver roles they can play (Segal, 2011): 1. Nonverbal communication can repeat a verbal message or add emphasis to it. Often, people will use hand gestures as they are trying to make a specific point which can add emphasis to what is being said. 2. Noverbal communication can contradict what an individual is trying to say. For example, the individual may be saying that they are happy about a situation when in fact, they are feeling nervous. Their eyes or the fact that they are fidgeting may show that they are uncomfortable w ith what is being said. 3. Nonverbal communication can substitute for a verbal expression. As an example, when sending a message of empathy, showing empathy with the eyes, or with a warm smile can convey more than stating how someone feels about a situation. 4. Nonverbal communication can compliment what is being said. A caregiver who rubs the back of someone who is feeling depressed while they are telling them not to worry can be comforting to the individual hearing the message of bad news. 5. Nonverbal communication can also add an accent to the communication. As an example, someone pounding their fist on the table while conveying anger would accent the message that was given. Nonverbal communication is essential to an understanding in patient care because the practitioner must understand how to read the body language of their patients and/or the family so they can better serve their needs. Verbal Communication Most people are familiar with verbal communication because it is how w e talk to each other. Verbal communication can be quiet or loud and it can serve the purpose of getting information across to a patient and/or their family members. When verbally communicating in care settings it is important to use simple language, make sure that the pace of the conversation is not too fast or slow and it is important to use short sentences (NVQ Made Simple, 2010). The reason these things are important is

Action Research - Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Action Research - - Assignment Example I have gained confidence while in class. I find duty delegation to be one of my strongholds in managing students. I have constantly built on this vice without considering the credibility of my objectives. However, some of my classes have been affected by late arrival of students, murmuring among students and absenteeism. In my career as a teacher, I am perplexed by fact that teachers are expected to effectively manage classroom arrangement which is independent of good student behavior but due to poor planning. Classroom arrangement requires that the teacher observe all the students at ago and monitor their behavior and work. It also demands that teacher must see the door while in his or her desk. Furthermore, teachers should make sure that frequently used areas are easily accessible and unobstructed. In addition, common classroom materials such as student reference materials and attendance pads should be availed. As if to make it worse, the students should be able to see the teacher without movement and undue turning. Furthermore, setting the expectation of students and periodically talking to them is very difficult. In addition, monitoring the degree by which students comply with school rules and regulations is one of the irritating outcomes as a teacher. The use of teacher led instructions and explaining school wide regulations is a source of irritation. What can I do about it? Again and again I get angry about the fact that students are held accountable for their performance and work. In addition, I get angry by the fact that focus of students is centered on academic purpose while learning is considered as the core purpose of students’ effort. As a teacher, if there is disruptive behavior like fighting, possession of drugs continuous lesson interruption stealing in my class and later actions taken in accordance to the school rules and

English Language Learners Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

English Language Learners - Research Paper Example This essay discusses that when one viewed the wealth of materials regarding the topic ‘English Language Learners’ from the online search medium, one would be awed at the magnanimity of results amounting to more than 16 million in various informational categories. The fact signifies the extensive interest on the topic manifested by an array of practitioners and users, especially in the field of education. This area of education would thereby be more explored in the current research to proffer pertinent details that led to the development and continued focus on English Language Learners (EELs) in the contemporary academic setting. This area is chosen to enhance one’s awareness on the subject of interest and thereby enable one to share the knowledge, including crucial information to assist and guide other ELLs that one would potentially interact with in the near future, specifically in terms of improving learning outcomes. The discourse would initially present the de finition of key terms, evolution, historical development and continued growth within this area of academic discipline. Likewise, one would determine current legislation that shapes it in contemporary times; in conjunction with expounding on the best practices related to curriculum and instruction utilized in English as the Second Language (ESL) setting. In addition, one would also identify and describe specific technological applications and future trends that influence and affect English Language Learners (ELLs). ... 1). On the other hand, the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) differentiated analogous terms such as ELL, ESL (English as Second Language), LEP (Limited English Proficiency) and EFL (English as Foreign Lanuage), as summarized in Table 1 below: Table 1: Definitions of Key Terms KEY TERMS DEFINITIONS ELL (English Language Learner): an active learner of the English language who may benefit from various types of language support programs. This term is used mainly in the U.S. to describe K–12 students. ESL (English as a Second Language): formerly used to designate ELL students; this term increasingly refers to a program of instruction designed to support the ELL. It is still used to refer to multilingual students in higher education. LEP (Limited English Proficiency): employed by the U.S. Department of Education to refer to ELLs who lack sufficient mastery of English to meet state standards and excel in an English- language classroom. Increasingly, English Language Lear ner (ELL) is used to describe this population, because it highlights learning, rather than suggesting that non-native-English-speaking students are deficient. EFL (English as a Foreign Language)Students:nonnative- English-speaking students who are learning English in a country where English is not the primary language. Source: (National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE), 2008, p. 2) Historical Development The origin of instruction to ELL was actually traced as early as the 1600s and 1700s when some states were reported to establish private and public schools with bilingual education regulations during the European colonization of the United States

Hybrid and electric cars Essay Example for Free

Hybrid and electric cars Essay Several types of vehicles which use alternative sources of energy have already been developed. These are mainly aimed at controlling the levels of air pollution and to provide a cheaper means of technology, especially with the increasing oil prices. With today’s current economic situation, many money saving cars have hit the road, such as hybrids from Toyota and Honda. However, our society thinks that the hybrid or electric car is a recent advancement, when in fact there were actually more electrics than gas fueled cars on the road in the 1800s. The aim of this research paper is to find out why the society is oblivious to this fact. The history of the electric car The history of the electric vehicle started from the first successful attempt to store electrical energy made by Alessandro Volta in Italy in 1800. The next event of major significance was in 1921, when Michael Faraday demonstrated that wire rod carrying electric current supplied by a Volta pile would rotate around a fixed magnet of one end and was unconstrained by allowing it to hang in a bath of mercury. He also showed that the magnet would rotate around the wire if the fixed and moving elements were reversed. Furthermore, the direction of rotation was reversed if the polarity of the electric current was reversed. This was the principle of the electric motor. In 1832, an electric motor was operated by having a bar magnet mounted on a shaft rotating inside stationary coils of wire in which the electric current was successfully switched by contacts on the shaft. The first electric motor was first constructed in 1968, but it was not until 1973 that the first road vehicles were driven. Interest had also developed in competitions between internal combustion-engine vehicles to show which was superior in speed and reliability. Leitman etal, pg 62-67) While all these developments in electric vehicles were going on, the gasoline fueled internal combustion engine vehicles were also being rapidly developed, so that by 1900, the market for automobiles was almost equally divided between the three contenders of steam, electricity and gasoline. Enthusiasm of the electric vehicle was strong at this time; primarily because of its ease of starting without tiresome need to hand crank the engine. The12 years from 1900 to 1912 was the golden age for electric vehicles, although gasoline-powered vehicles were developing rapidly over this period. In 1903, there were more electric vehicles in London than these powered by the internal combustion engine, but this situation did not last for long. By 1909 when the model T was launched it was already clear that the race for personal transport had been won by internal combustion engine This did not stop the number of electric vehicles in use in the USA increasing to a peak of 30,0000 in 1912. However, by this date, there were 900,000 gasoline engine vehicles on the road in that country, and comparable numbers in Europe. Slowly, the electric car manufacturers went out of business, or started manufacturing gasoline powered vehicles. Leitman etal, pg 62-67) Pollution in the modern era From the 1970s, the interest in electric cars began to appear again; air pollution caused by gasoline engines was beginning to be of concern and a number of small firms were set up to try and met the new demand of electric vehicles. The Ford Motor Company of Britain was asked to look at the possibility of designing a small electric car for urban use which was small enough to occupy minimum road and parking space, had high maneuverability, minimum pollution, was simple to operate and had low initial and running costs. Plant etal, pg 234) The 1990 mandate At the beginning of the 1990s, the electric vehicle had already been improved. They became more marketable, and people preferred them more than the other vehicles. One of the reasons that people preferred to use these vehicles was the fact that they did not use fuel. It was also cheaper and easy to recharge them. These cars were more effective in the 1990s, when the concerns for the environment were on the rise. This forced most car manufacturing industries, being led by General Motors to start manufacturing the electrical vehicles. Since the rate of emissions from gas fueled cars was increasing, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 was enacted. This Act required a reduction in the vehicle emissions (so called Tier 1 controls) by the 1994 model year. It also authorized even stricter Tier II controls on a contingency basis, which was to be imposed by 2004 by the EPA administrator, if further studies showed that they needed, technically feasible, and cost effective. The 1990 Act also put up standards to check the evaporative emissions (emissions that occur after engines are shut off. ) (Collantes etal) California, being the leading state in air pollution, was required by the 1990 law to impose stricter vehicle emissions standards. The state therefore made it a requirement that the manufacturers achieve in stages, fleet-weighted average emissions that would have been lower than the ones mandated by the federal Tier I regulations, beginning with the 1994 model year. All The car manufacturers were authorized to manufacture several zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs, effectively electric-powered cars) by 1998. They were also required to have achieved a total market share of at least 10% by the year 2003. The Clean Air Amendments Act of 1990 also stated that other States should opt to voluntarily set the Environmental Conservation standards that had been set by California. Some of the North Eastern States, including New York and Massachusetts imposed similar rules in their states. The Ozone Transport Commission, through another provision of the 1990 Act, was also persuaded by some of its members to ask the EPA to pass the auto technology measures on the whole region. The imposition of the laws was required because some of the states had no intention of passing the Californian standards voluntarily. If EPA had passed these auto technology measures on all the states, then the electric cars would have taken over 40% of the entire U. S auto market. (Collantes, etal) However, this petition was debated on a lot. It was said that the technology then was not ready to meet such high targets. Another reason the proposal was rejected was due to the fact that the battery technology could only give a little range to the vehicles, besides this, the infrastructure to meet them was inadequate. The industry instead proposed an alternative to the Californian standards, which was to market a national low-emitting vehicle (NLEV) in 49 states. This alternative was tougher than what the law had required the automakers to do, and could meet only the first two levels of the Californian standards. It is clear that the industry was definitely opposed to the idea of an electric vehicle, because it passed the alternative laws, which required all states to ignore the zero emissions Act. For several years, the EPA was unable to make an agreement with between the thirteen jurisdictions and the industry. Also, California was successful in delaying the implementation if the zero electric vehicle mandate until model year 2003. Of all the states, only Massachusetts, Mine, Mew York and Vermont adopted the Californian requirements and refused to accept the NLEV as a substitute to the law, and the industry would not produce it either, unless they did. In the beginning of 1998, there was stiff competition among the â€Å"Big Three† U. S. and three major Japanese companies manufacturing cars. This therefore pushed them to pledge voluntarily to market the NLEV vehicles in the forty-five states which had not mandated Californian cars. This shows that the auto industry was among the reasons why the electric car was not so successful in the market. Collantes, etal) Were it not for the fact that the U. S. levels of air pollution are increasing every day, the industry would not have realized the need to manufacture the electric vehicles. Although the gasoline-electric cars were also a way to reduce the air pollution, the electric cars would have been more effective. This also shows the extent to which people and the auto industries disliked the electric car. Benefits of the electric cars Although the electric cars are a bit inferior compared to the petrol engine or diesel engine vehicles, they have several attributes. They are quiet, and therefore provide an appealing driving feel to the user. The major benefits are however on air pollution, the cars reduce the energy use and the green house emissions; they are zero emitting. The pollution benefits are also large, considering the amount of pollution generated at the power plant. The electric vehicle batteries have the capability to practically eliminate the carbon monoxide emissions and volatile the unburned hydrocarbons and hence diminish the nitrogen oxide emissions regardless of how electricity is generated. (Nakamura etal, pg 223-228) The pollution benefits would be greatest in places like California where most of the electricity comes from tightly controlled natural gas plants and zero-emitting hydroelectric and nuclear plants. They could also be of help to a country like France, which gets most of its electricity from nuclear power. Highly populated cities like Mexico City, Beijing, Bangkok, and Kathmandu, which also source their electricity from nucleus power, could also take advantage of the electric vehicles. Another advantage is that with an electric vehicle, all you have to do is to recharge the battery at home. You don’t have to worry of the increasing fuel prices or that you have to pass through the gas station on your way to work. In the 1990s, people used to worry that their batteries will run out of charge and cause them inconveniences. However, this has changed, as there are new and better batteries nowadays, with the ability to store charge for longer periods. The battery powered vehicles should be effective today, especially with global warming on the increase. With all these benefits, the electric vehicle needs to be marketed and manufactured in large scale. The government and the manufacturers need to promote the car, as much as they do to the fuel powered vehicles. A former employee of general motors in the 1990s said that one of the reasons why the electric vehicles did not sell well is because enough advertising was not done. The government has greatly contributed to the low popularity of the electric vehicles. Realizing that cars manufactured in foreign countries could attract more demand than those produced in the U. S. , it opted to support the manufacture of the fuel powered cars, which were more preferred by the public, to the electric powered vehicles. It was also ineffective because it failed to enact the 1990 Clean Air Enforcement Act. Fuel manufacturing companies, on the other hand, fearing that they would lose the market for fuel, sided with the government in the support for the manufacture of the fuel powered vehicles. The lack of vigorous campaigns to market the electric vehicles is one of the reasons why they are so unpopular today. The fact that the electric cars were once crushed to pieces shows the extent to which their popularity was. Americans have also been ignorant to the idea of promoting the electric car. They have preferred the hybrid cars to the electric cars, ignoring the fact that they have more benefits. (Paine) Conclusion For the past few years, General Motors has been trying to revive the popularity of the electric vehicles. One of the reasons that brought the realization that there was a need to bring back the electric car was the attack of the World Trade Centre, the Pentagon, and the plane that clashed in Pennsylvania on September 11, 2001. All these instances showed that complete reliance on imported oil is a big threat to the financial and the national security. Also, the onset of the global economic crisis, which resulted to an increase in the oil prices, made Americans realize the importance of the electric car. America faces the challenge of energy security, reduction of its reliance on imported oil and the ways in which global warming can be reduced. Electric cars could be the solution to these challenges. The ironic twist of events about national security, oil and the climate change has at last brought the understanding that to stabilize our economy; we need to use the electric cars.

Essay --

In 1877, Elias moved to California, when he met his wife flora, in 1890 they moved to Chicago, they had 5 children, Herbert Arthur, Raymond Arnold, Roy Oliver, Walter "Walt" Elias Disney, and Ruth Flora Disney. Walt was born in Chicago in 1901, 4 years later his parents moved to Marceline, which was the most important phase in his life, it was his hometown, and they lived on a farm. Walt had special feelings towards animals. The first time I heard Walt Disney’s story, was in this class, and it was told in a creative way by my professor. At the beginning of each class, our instructor played us a minute or two of Walt Disney’s songs, which brought back happy and comforting memories of my childhood. Walt lived in Marceline, a perfect small town. He attended the town’s school where he showed interest in things that other kids didn’t. As soon as he learned how to use a pencil, he fell in love with drawing. He also liked acting; the first role he played was Peter Pan, who then became an inspiration to him. When Walt was ten years old, the family moved to Kansas City, Missouri. His father Elias had sold his farm for 5175$ and bought a distributorship for the morning Times and the Star newspaper. Walt and his brother then started working for their father. They used to wake up early in the morning and deliver papers before going to school. In 1917, Elias moved his family back to Chicago. Walt went to high school there and became the cartoonist for the school’s paper. During his lecture, our instructor showed us a small part of Walt’s documentary movie, how he used to make cartoons come to life, as well as techniques he had used. Walt wanted to go to Europe and join the army, but his father was against his idea and was refusing to si... ...come source, he met with the head of Universal picture; this man gave him an idea about re-releasing his old films, like Snow White, it was re-released almost 10 times. Walt Disney was a true inspiration to children as well as adults, he made dreams come true, and every single one of his films was a success. He built an empire following his dreams, and achieved his main goal, which was entertaining people all over the world. Walt Disney was one of the most successful men in our era. He built an Empire following his dream; entertaining people. His achievements made him an inspiration for children as well as adults to never give up on their dreams. Unfortunately his addiction to nicotine, lead to a tumor in his lungs that took over his life on December 15th 1966 when he was only 65 years old. Although he’s passed away one can’t deny that he’s still a living legacy.

The Ivory Coast Overview and Media Analysis Essay -- essays research p

Part 1: Country Background The Rà ©publique de Cà ´te d'Ivoire, also known as the Ivory Coast, is a country in West Africa bordering Liberia and Guinea to the west, Mali and Burkina Faso to the north, Ghana to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. The location now known as the Ivory Coast was made a protectorate of France during the era of imperialism by a treaty in the 1840's, and became a French colony in 1893. The country gained its independence in 1960, at which point it was led by Fà ©lix Houphouà «t-Boigny until 1993. During these years, the country was closely tied with its' West African neighbors economically and politically, but also maintained trade with the Western world, furthering the nations economic development. However, since the end of Houphouà «t-Boigny?s rule the countries stability has been in serious decline, brought on by a number of coups vying for power. Following the takeover by two militia groups in 1999 and 2001 that served to replace the preexisting political pow ers, the country has been subject to a civil war since 2002. Today, the government is identified as a republic with strong executive power embodied by the president, President Gbagbo. The nation?s current state of unrest has greatly hampered its economic development and social and political stability, and the violent state of the country poses a serious threat for those wishing to do business with the Ivory Coast. Part 2: Country Profile ? Population: According to UN census data in 2005, Cà ´te d'Ivoire has a population of 17.1 million individuals. According to data in 2003, 43.6% of the population is female. The largest city in the country is Abidjan, which is the center for most of the countries economic activity and host t... ...urces receive pressure from parties in power to present a specific point of view. Additionally, I believe that the widespread poverty throughout the country further inhibits the local freedom of press. My findings of limited internet access and low literacy rates suggest a lack of social mobility that may correlate with people?s inability to demand truth from local media forces. It is clear that the powers in charge have not accepted the responsibility to place value on a high standard of media, and therefore it is the role of the citizens to pursue such freedoms. Because local citizens have not been able to express these wishes, perhaps it is at this point that Western influences must intervene. Although Western influence has been hampered in the Ivory Coast by civil war, our global awareness of the situation in the country provides grounds for intervention.

Biography Og N.V.M Gonzales

The Winds of April. Manila: University of the Philippines Press, 1941. * Seven Hills Away. Denver: Alan Swallow, 1947. * Children of the Ash-Covered Loam and Other Stories. Manila: Benipayo, 1954; Bookmark Filipino Literary Classics, 1992. * Children of the Ash-Covered Loam and Other Stories. Manila: Benipayo, 1954; Bookmark Filipino Literary Classics, 1992. * A Season of Grace. Manila: Benipayo, 1956; Russian translation, 1974; Malaysian translation, 1988; Bookmark Filipino Literary Classics, 1992. * The Bamboo Dancers.Manila: Benipayo, 1957; first published in full in Diliman Review and Manila Times Sunday Magazine (three-part serial); Alan Swallow, 1961; Russian translation, 1964; Manila: Bookmark Filipino Literary Classics, 1992 * Look, Stranger, on this Island Now. Manila: Benipayo, 1963. * Selected Stories. Denver, CO: Alan Swallow, 1964. * Mindoro and Beyond: Twenty-one Stories. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 1981; New Day, 1989 (emended edition). * The Brea d of Salt and Other Stories. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1993; University of the Philippines Press, 1993. * Work on the Mountain.Includes The Father and the Maid, Essays on Filipino Life and Letters and Kalutang: A Filipino in the World, University of the Philippines Press, 1996. * A Novel of Justice: Selected Essays 1968-1994. Manila: National Commission for Culture and the Arts and Anvil (popular edition), 1996. * A Grammar of Dreams and Other Stories. University of the Philippines Press, 1997. * The Winds of April. Reissue, University of the Philippines Press, 1997. N. V. M. Gonzalez once said. A teacher, author, journalist and essayist, Gonzalez is one of the most widely recognized, anthologized and closely studied among Filipino writers.His most notable works include the novels The Winds of April, The Bamboo Dancers and A Season of Grace, short story collections Children of the Ash-Covered Loam and The Bread of Salt and Other Stories and essay collections Work on t he Mountain and The Novel of Justice: Selected Essays. Gonzalez distinctively wrote of the Filipino life, of the Filipino in the world. Gonzalez is himself a Filipino in the world, traversing between the United States and the Philippines and exploring Europe and Asia. The affair of letters Gonzalez created is more than literature.It is the story of a Filipino in the world. It is his story. Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzalez, familiarly known as simply â€Å"N. V. M. ,† was born on September 8, 1915 in Romblon, Romblon and moved to Mindoro at the age of five. The son of a school supervisor and a teacher, Gonzalez helped his father by delivering meat door-to-door. Gonzalez attended Mindoro High School from 1927 to 1930, and although he studied at National University in Manila, he never obtained a degree. While in Manila, Gonzalez wrote for the Philippine Graphic and later edited for the Evening News Magazine and Manila Chronicle.His first published essay appeared in the Philippine Graphic and his first poem in Poetry in 1934. â€Å"For the good of my soul lately I have been reading Jose Rizal and as much as I admire Mr. Rizal's political sentiments, I must say I prefer Gonzalez as a novelist. † -Wallace Stegner, 1950| A Rockefeller Foundation fellowship, awarded to Gonzalez in 1948, allowed the aspiring author to travel to Stanford University in Palo Alto, California and Columbia University in New York City. While at Stanford, Gonzalez attended lectures and classes from many prominent writers, Wallace Stegner and Katherine Anne Porter amongst them.After Gonzalez returned to the Philippines in 1950, he began a long teaching career, beginning with a position at the University of Santo Tomas. Gonzalez also taught at the Philippine Women's University, but it was the lengthy position at the University of the Philippines that gave distinction to Gonzalez's career – as a teacher at the university for 18 years, Gonzalez was only one of two people to tea ch there without holding a degree. Gonzalez hosted the first University of the Philippines writer's workshop with a group who would soon form the Ravens.In addition, Gonzalez made his mark in the writing community as a member of the Board of Advisers of Likhaan: the University of the Philippines Creative Writing Center, founder The Diliman Review and as the first president of the Philippine Writers' Association. Gonzalez continued to teach when he returned to California in the 1960s, serving as a visiting professor at the University of California at Santa Barbara; professor emeritus at California State University, Hayward; and professor at University of California at Los Angeles' Asian American Studies Center and English department.Throughout Gonzalez's teaching career, the author produced 14 books and accumulated many awards along the way. Through these writings, Gonzalez received many prestigious awards, including repeated Palanca Memorial Award for Literature awards, the Jose Riz al Pro Patria Award, and the City of Manila Medal of Honor. In addition, his books became internationally recognized, and his works have been translated into Chinese, German, Russian and Bahasa Indonesian. Gonzalez received an honorary doctorate from the University of the Philippines in 1987 and became its first international writer in residence in 1988.He served as the 1998-1999 Regents Professor at the University of California at Los Angeles and continued to receive distinctions such as the National Artist Award for Literature in 1997 and the Centennial Award for Literature in 1998. In 1990 and 1996, â€Å"N. V. M. Gonzalez Days† were celebrated in San Francisco and Los Angeles, respectively. Despite Gonzalez's travels, he never gave up his Filipino citizenship. Critics feared that Gonzalez would someday settle into the Filipino-American genre of literature, but Gonzalez often pointed out with an all-familiar twinkle in his eye, â€Å"I never left home.True to his word, th e home that shaped Gonzalez's days is present in his writings, from the blossoming of a love story to the culture reflected in an immigrant experience. N. V. M. started his career at the age of 19; 65 years later, he was still creating affairs with letters. He passed away on November 28, 1999, due to kidney complications. He was 84. N. V. M. Gonzalez is remembered as an innovative writer, a dedicated and humble worker and an honest witty friend. He will be dearly missed.

My Favorite Deserts

ENGLISH COMP. 2. ASSIGN 2| A Description| | A description about my favorite desserts. | | Mrs. Mirelle Jayawardene| 3/10/2013| | My Favorite Desserts Everybody has their favorite games, cars and meals. Also everyone has their desserts and I have mine. All my favorite desserts have one thing in common they all are made with one ingredient that is â€Å"Chocolate†. Mmm!! Chocolate Desserts! I honestly believe that chocolate is the closest we can get to heaven as mortals, seriously. Is there anything better than chocolate to make you feel all wonderful and gooey inside?Can anything cheer you up as instantly as chocolate desserts can? If you’re like me, you are going to love these Best Chocolate Desserts as well as the mouth-watering pictures of the amazing treats. So, what are we waiting for? Let’s dig in! Chocolate Decadence Cake Inspired by the old-school, ultra-rich, mousse like chocolate cake that usually called for a whole pound of chocolate, half a dozen eggs and lots of butter, here is an enlightened rendition with deep bittersweet chocolate flavor and that dense melt-in-your-mouth texture so characteristic of the genre. No one will guess it’s healthier.The secret is excellent natural cocoa powder and good-quality bittersweet chocolate, preferably with 70% cacao. Although the cake can be eaten once it’s completely cool, it comes out of the pan much easier and even tastes better if it has been chilled at least overnight. Frozen Chocolate-Covered Cappuccino Crunch Cake This cake is unbelievably awesome, delicious and easy to make and versatile; you can actually use other flavors to make it more appealing to those who are not coffee-lovers. Cappuccino Crunch Cake combines coffee ice cream, pound cake and NESTLE ® TOLL HOUSE ® Milk Chocolate Morsels for a rich and creamy frozen dessert!This dessert was created by Beth Royals of Richmond, VA. Simply Rich Chocolate Syrup This is not your average chocolate syrup, with its dee p, rich and smooth chocolate flavor; the perfect treats for sweet fresh fruits, or to use for the topping of your favorite ice cream or dessert. Cinnamon Chocolate Pudding Chocolate and cinnamon has always been the perfect and a winning combination for any dessert. Cinnamon adds more warmth and deep scent to this special treat and this is one of the best flavors that a chocolate-lover can dream of because of its richness and creamy texture which is intensified by the whipped cream or any milk.Chocolate Banana Cream Pie The flavors complemented each other beautifully. The banana and chocolate -– a classic combo -– but brought to another level of interesting with the addition of the salted caramel, which also played nicely with the buttery graham cracker crumbs. Cool, creamy, sweet, and just so delicious. Chocolate Hazelnut Terrine with Raspberry Sauce This elegant dessert is a chocolate-lovers’ dream served in a pool of ruby-red raspberry sauce. Either made with hazelnut liquor, this will surely become a big hit because of its sweet taste.The good thing is you can make some changes. Instead of using heavy cream you can use whipped fat-free evaporated milk blended. For chocolate, you can substitute Dutch cocoa and cocoa white baking chocolate bar. Chocolate â€Å"Buried Treasure† Bars You will find sweet delight in every bite in this chocolate buried treasure bars, with layered almonds, dried berries and morsels; these bars are worth craving for. The combination of this bar will positively wow you’re lucky guests who have the golden opportunity to taste this fantastic chocolate treat.In all these wonderful pictures that have been displayed above lies a wonderful, mouth watering and breath taking taste that I have had the pleasure of indulging in. I have tasted these wonderful treats mainly when I was on vacation in different countries and different cities. There are many more wonderful delicious treats that I have not mentioned and the reason for that is, those delicious desserts had no real description, because I could not describe them. They are indescribable; there taste was so sweet and tender that my taste buds could not control themselves.I have been too many countries, seen many cities and tasted many desserts enough to know that the desserts I have mentioned above are for me the top 7 that I will always want to taste just one more time. Desserts are described as a sweet, delicious conclude to a wonderful meal that brings you to utter the words â€Å"Delicious†. My dreams vary from entertaining people, discovering and studying history and as of my last vacation that solidified my professional like taste buds; my new dream is to travel the world tasting all the delicious desserts.

Every Child Must Be Trained for the Future (Article with Examples)

Every child must be educated and equipped with the skills that will let him thrive in the economy of the future, said Education Minister Heng Swee Keat. While Singapore has built an education system admired for its high student achievement rates and top-notch teaching force, it must now align its system to cope with the fast pace of globalisation, technological change and innovation. The world economy will become even more complex and jobs do not have clearly defined boundaries, Mr Heng told an audience of 200 participants at the Singapore Conference here on Wednesday. Elaborating, he said that the line between manufacturing and services has blurred. And both are also overlaid with the digital economy, he added, noting for example that IT giant Apple sells ‘an experience, not just a product'. On how technology is changing swiftly, he noted how the Human Genome Project, started in 1990, took 13 years and nearly US$4 billion to complete. But last month, a private company in California announced a machine that will map an entire genome for US$1,000 (S$1,250) in one day. A more complex economy means a greater variety of different jobs will exist, requiring a wide range of skills. Said Mr Heng: ‘Hence, to prepare our students for the future, it is critical for us to have some notions of the variety and demands of the jobs of the future. The education system can then tailor the right skill sets for each individual. ‘Not all the jobs will require academic degrees. Indeed, in many areas, practical, hands-on skills are valued. ‘ He added that aligning education to industry needs as Singapore does with its universities, Institute of Technical Education and polytechnics will continue to be critical. But in whatever area, deep skills, high standards and strong motivation will be needed. ‘ A strong focus on science, technology, engineering and maths in education should be preserved, he said. Mr Heng also touched on the diversification of the school system over the last few years, explaining the need to create multiple pathways for students to excel. But this does not mean everyone gets to do the course of his choice, as the programmes are compe titive to ensure standards, he added. It is also critical to equip students with the basic knowledge and motivation to be lifelong and adaptable learners and have other 21st century skills such as information and communication know-how, critical and inventive thinking, and civil literacy and cross-cultural skills. Ultimately though, he said, the best policies alone are not enough. Ministry officials and school leaders must be clear about the principles and there must be ‘fidelity of implementation'. All parts of the education system must support the policy implementation, including the teachers, parents and even the physical facilities of a school. Educators will remain key to the structure. ‘No system of education can be better than its teachers,' he said. During his visit here over the past week, American officials have heaped praises on the Singapore education system and during the panel discussion following his speech, similar responses flowed. Panellist Linda Darling-Hammond, a Stanford University professor in education, said the US could learn from Singapore's teacher recruitment and development process. Praising the Singapore Government's policy of paying teachers ‘top dollar', she noted that by comparison, the US paid its teachers ‘much, much less than other college graduates'. The deep cuts in education spending in the US, she warned, would leave the country behind while other countries like Singapore forged ahead with their investments in education. Co-panellist Joanne Weiss, chief of staff to US Education Secretary Arne Duncan and who visited Singapore schools last year, said she was impressed by the ‘culture of continuous improvement' in education. ‘Singapore policymakers go out, identify the best practices and bring it back and adapt them to the context of the country. They then replicate them across the schools in the country. ‘

The automotive industry in For almost the past hundred years the Essay

The automotive industry in For almost the past hundred years the automotive industry has dominated Michigan's economy. How and - Essay Example In addition, in 1990, the city ranked thirteenth amongst largest cities in the United States with a population of about 285,000 residents (Cooney & Yacobucci, 2006). The other thing is that the city was situated along a river, whose water offered power and transportation for outgoing goods and incoming supplies. This paper therefore, seeks to find out why for almost the past hundred years, the automotive industry has dominated Michigan’s economy. In addition, the paper will explore how and why the industry established itself in Michigan, and what have been its effects--positive and negative. From the beginning, Detroit was preferably positioned to be a hub of the automobile industry in the United States. This is based on the fact that the place was squarely located in the heartland of United States—an area that connected many other key regions in the US. For instance, it was linked Pennsylvania, lower New England, Ohio, Illinois and Indiana (McAlinden & Andrea, 1992). W ith these, the required raw materials for production of automobiles were easily transported to the city via rail and the Great Lakes waterways (McAlinden & Andrea, 1992). Furthermore, the coal producing regions of West Virginia and Pennsylvania were directly connected to Michigan and specifically Detroit by rail. Furthermore, the great steel factories of Youngstown, Pittsburgh, Gary, Chicago and Cleveland were just a few miles away from Detroit. The copper and iron mining zones of Minnesota and northern Michigan were reachable without any difficulty by ship (McGinnis, 2005). The other contributing factor was that its centrality at west and east confluence offered auto manufacturers easy access both to the much needed capital and product markets for its unprecedented growth. The contribution of Henry Ford and Dodge was another factor behind the establishment of Michigan as an auto hub (Cooney & Yacobucci, 2006). Before, the coming of Ford, the first auto companies were very tiny oper ations, however, this changed as Ford invented the methods of mass production, along with the advanced assembly line techniques, including vast River Rouge complex, aspects which turned around the scale and scope of auto production in Michigan (McGinnis, 2005). Dodge, on the other hand, set up an enormous Main automobile Plant just close to that of Ford. All these grand automobile plants served to turn Michigan into an American automobile hub. The accessibility of Detroit also brought in enough workers who provided reliable labor for the labor-hungry automobile industry. Potential auto workers from Midwest moved into the area as a result of the declining logging industry. In short, Henry Ford, based in Detroit, Michigan, was responsible for the groundbreaking innovations that were later copied by competitors such as Chrysler, American Motors and General Motors. Each organization set up their headquarters in the Detroit making it the main center for car production not just in America but also world over. Positive impacts of auto industry in Michigan Enhanced Diversity The emergence of the automobile industry completely transformed Michigan and especially Detroit, attracting more than one million new migrants and via its technological aspect and its demographic impact, reshaped the cityscape in different ways. The population of the State changed in diversity (McAlinden & Andrea, 1992). On top of migrants from the hinterlands of Midwest,

Drug Monograph Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Drug Monograph - Term Paper Example Used in combination with narcotics at times, in order to boost the pain-relieving powers of the ketorolac. Ketorolac is to be used for pain management of short duration only, not to exceed five days for all administration routes of the drug (WebMD, 2012; Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2012; The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 2012; US National Library of Medicine, 2010; FADavis, n.d.; Selleck Chemicals, 2011; MediResource, 2012; MedicineNet, 2012; NetDoctor, 2012; Drugs.com, 2012; RxList, 2012; MedIndia, 2012). Ketorolac belongs to the same class of drugs as ibuprofen as well as naproxen, but the consensus is that ketorolac has greater power in the reduction of pain from inflammation as well as from other causes. This makes ketorolac singular among other NSAIDs, with regard to the degree of effect and with regard to the kinds of pain that it can relieve or treat. It works by effecting the blockage of those enzymes responsible for the production of prostaglandins in the body, those chemicals that the body generates that in turn results in fever and inflammation (MedicineNet, 2012). The first dose can be via the veins, or via the muscles, administered via injections (US National Library of Medicine, 2010). The typical subsequent dose is 10 mg for every four to six hours in the presence of pain, depending on the requirement for pain relief. The recommended maximum daily dose is 40 mg, to be taken preferably with meals, in order to reduce risks of stomachs getting upset from the medication (MediResource, 2012). Some dosage prescriptions are age and weight dependent, as well as dependent on the presence of some other conditions, such as impairment of the urine function (Roche Laboratories, 2008): Transition from IV or IM dosing of ketorolac tromethamine (single- or multiple-dose) to multiple-dose TORADOLORAL: Patients age 17 to 64: 20 mg PO once followed by 10 mg q4-6 hours prn

A full-blown debt crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A full-blown debt crisis - Essay Example The type of structural adjustment programs recommended (or imposed) by the World Bank and IMF began around 1980 after a number of countries in Africa, Latin America, and Asia experienced balance-of-payment problems. Governments that had borrowed heavily found themselves short of foreign exchange to buy imported goods for direct consumption and for investment in industry and agriculture. A full-blown debt crisis had arrived. Firms that distribute medicines also frequently deal in veterinary products, fertilizers, pesticides, chemicals, cosmetics, foods, soaps, and other classes of products extending into many aspects of daily life. When oil prices increased again in 1979 a world recession occurred and world interest rates rose sharply. These companies may also be associated with the production and especially with the marketing of all types of medical supplies and hospital and scientific equipment and apparatus. One serious problem concerning the drug industry in developing countries i s the enormous proliferation of products, brands, and trade names. In countries where a few hundred different drugs are really needed, thousands or tens of thousands of different pharmaceutical products are marketed, often with little regulation.Immediate consequences of mandated reforms were low or negative growth, increased unemployment, and reduced government services. An early target of reduced government expenditure was the social sector, including health and welfare services. Adverse effects of such changes on welfare and health, particularly of the poor, have been profoundly and frequently criticized, often on ideological grounds. In an editorial, the British medical journal Lancet observed that The World Bank is an easy and satisfying target for those concerned with the effects of development aid on poor-to-middle income countries. The majority of drugs marketed by transnational corporations are those developed for the health problems and marketing patterns of the much larger markets in wealthier countries. While many billions of dollars are spent on pharmaceutical research, the actual medicinal needs of the people in the developing countries (which together account for only 14% of world consumption) may not be properly represented. The United States alone, with 5% of the world's population, is said to consume more than twice the total amount of pharmaceuticals used by 75% of the world's population. At the same time developing countries often pay a premium for their drugs, and pharmaceutical companies often sponsor meetings and conferences and provide incentives to physicians to use expensive new products. Some countries, such as Pakistan, have attempted to promote the use of cheaper generic products by abolishing trade names, but such regulations are difficult to enforce and may lead to a thriving underground of smuggled branded drugs. The Action Program on Essential Drugs (DAP) was established to support countries in developing national policies for the rational use of drugs. The DAP seeks to ensure that people are able to obtain the drugs they need at the lowest possible price; that these drugs are safe, effective, and of high quality; and that they are prescribed and used rationally. Many developing countries have adopted model pharmacopoeias in order to save money on imported drugs and eliminate unnecessary and irrational combinations, such as mixtures of antibiotics and vitamins popular in some regions. A large literature has evolved from these experiences, emphasizing the wasteful aspects of inappropriate purchasing, poor management, quality control and security, unnecessary prescriptions, and poor patient compliance. Counterfeit drugs are also a problem in both developed and developing countries. In one study done by the DAP, 53.4%of samples collected in Myanmar and 26.4% in Vietnam were unregistered and drugs imported through unauthorized channels were found in the markets. Some drugs were similar in color, packaging, and imprints to standard products